How do doctors diagnose a mental health problem? 

Doctors diagnose mental health problems through a series of evaluations, including medical history, physical exams, and psychological assessments.

While it is not a one-size-fits-all process for everyone, here are the steps involved and the in being diagnosed with a mental health problem, and the importance of accurate diagnosis.

Initial consultation with a GP

The process of being diagnosed with a mental health problem often begins with a visit to a General Practitioner (GP). This initial chat helps set the stage for further evaluations and referrals if necessary.

It can help to prepare before your appointment. You might want to write down or think out any questions you have, the symptoms you’re experiencing, or relevant information about your medical history.

Reviewing medical history

Doctors will review your medical history to understand any past health issues, medications, and family history of mental health conditions. This review helps identify any underlying factors that might contribute to how you're currently feeling.

Conducting a physical examination

A physical examination is performed to rule out any physical conditions that might be causing symptoms. For example, depression or anxiety can be caused by thyroid problems, so this step can help your doctor make a more accurate diagnosis and address any physical health concerns.

Psychological evaluation

It’s important for your doctor to ask about your thoughts, feelings, and behaviour. Doctors may vary their approach, but it can involve questionnaires or structured interviews to gather needed information about your mental state.

Using diagnostic criteria

Doctors use criteria from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) or the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) to identify specific mental health conditions. These standardised criteria help ensure a consistent and accurate diagnosis.

Seeking a second opinion

Since doctors can have different opinions, particularly in mental health, seeking a second opinion can help ensure the right diagnosis and treatment. This step can provide additional insights and confirm the initial diagnosis.

If you or someone you know is experiencing mental health issues, don't hesitate to seek professional help.

Visit our GPs and mental health page for more information on talking to your doctor about your mental health, what to expect from your appointment, and other support available to you.