Bipolar disorder, also known as bipolar affective disorder or previously as manic depression, is a mood disorder that causes extreme mood swings from highs (mania) to lows (depression).  

Understanding bipolar disorder 

Bipolar disorder is a mental health condition that mainly affects your mood. People affected by bipolar disorder experience episodes of mania and depression, which can be intense and disruptive. 

What happens during a manic episode? 

• You may feel very energetic, excited, impulsive or agitated. 
• Decisions can be made quickly, sometimes without thinking about the consequences. 
• Sleep may be reduced, but you might not feel tired. 

What happens during a depressive episode? 

• You may have low energy and struggle with motivation. 
• Feelings of worthlessness or low self-esteem are common. 
• Some people experience suicidal thoughts.

Other possible symptoms

Some people affected by bipolar disorder may experience psychotic symptoms, such as seeing or hearing things that aren’t real.

Living with bipolar disorder

Bipolar disorder is often a life-long condition. It can have a significant impact on daily life, work, and relationships. However, many people feel well between episodes and can manage their symptoms with the right support.