Bipolar disorder is caused by a mix of genetic and environmental factors. There isn’t a single reason why someone develops bipolar disorder, but both family history and life experiences play a part.

Understanding bipolar disorder

Bipolar disorder is a mental health condition that affects your mood, causing periods of high energy and low mood. The exact cause isn’t fully understood, but research shows it’s usually a combination of genetics and environmental triggers.

Genetics: Family history matters

If you have a close family member with bipolar disorder, your risk of developing it is higher. However, there isn’t one specific gene that causes bipolar disorder. Instead, it’s likely that several genes work together, making some people more vulnerable than others.

Environmental triggers: Life events and stress

Certain life events can trigger symptoms of bipolar disorder, especially if you’re already at risk. These can include:

• Relationship problems
• Abuse or trauma
• The death of a loved one
• Physical illness
• Losing your job
• Financial difficulties
• Ongoing sleep problems

Not everyone who experiences these events will develop bipolar disorder, but they can act as triggers for those who are already vulnerable.

It’s not down to one cause

Both your genes and your life experiences shape your risk of developing bipolar disorder. There’s no single cause, and everyone’s experience is different.

Find out more and get support

If you or someone you know is affected by bipolar disorder, you’re not alone. You can get in touch with us for advice and information, or join one of our local support groups to connect with others who understand.