Driving and Mental illness
There are some things that people who suffer from mental illnesses need to be aware of if they want to apply for, or if they already have a driving licence. These regulations set out by the Drivers and Vehicle Licensing Agency are put in place to protect the driver as well as other road users.
Many people with severe mental illnesses drive safely. There are however, some mental illnesses for which extra precautions must be taken to ensure the safety both of the driver and of other road users Therefore, to be safe on the road you must be aware of how your illness affects you and have the permission of the DVLA to drive.
Do I have to notify the DVLA of my psychiatric disorder?
If you are diagnosed with any of the conditions below and you intend to drive you must tell the DVLA. If you do not you will not be able to drive legally and your insurance will not be valid. This could mean that if you have an accident and have not declared your illness, the insurance company may not have to pay up. The conditions include:
- Severe uncontrolled anxiety
- Severe depression with marked psychomotor retardation and/or psychosis
- Bipolar disorders, including hypomania or mania
- Acute psychotic disorder
- Schizophrenia or other chronic psychoses
- Alcohol or drug misuse or dependency.
The DVLA does not need to be notified of a diagnosis of mild or moderate anxiety or depression. As long as:
- It is controlled
- it does not affect memory or concentration
- It does not cause agitation, behavioural disturbance or suicidal thoughts.
How do I notify the DVLA of my condition?
If you already have a licence, you need to;
- Download the medical questionnaire from the DVLA Website.
- Call the DVLA to ask them to send it to you.
- Fill out a form to give your consent for the DVLA's doctors to contact your doctor or specialist. You can either post, fax or email these forms back to: Drivers Medical Group, DVLA, Swansea, SA99 1TU
Tel: 0870 600 0301
Fax: 0845 850 0095
Email: eftd@dvla.gsi.gov.uk
Always give permission for the DVLA to contact your doctor, as what your doctor or specialist says to the DVLA will influence the DVLA's decision on whether you will be allowed to keep your licence. You may be asked to undergo a medical examination, which will be free (although you will have to pay any travelling expenses). This process is called a medical enquiry.
If you are applying for a new licence, you must declare if you suffer from any of the conditions listed on the application form. You should then also fill out the medical enquiry form as described above.
If your illness changes or you receive a new diagnosis, you must notify the DVLA of these new developments.
How do I surrender my license?
If your doctor has already advised you not to drive, in accordance with the standards of fitness to drive, you may wish to surrender your license. If you do so, you can re-apply for it to be restored at a later date when your condition has improved and you have your doctor or specialist's support. In this case, as soon as your application is received by the DVLA, you may resume driving.
If medical enquiries are made and your condition does not currently meet the required standards, your license will be revoked. Therefore, if it seems unlikely that you will meet standards, surrendering your licence may make it easier for you to get your licence back at a later date, provided you can then meet the medical standards for fitness to drive.
You can download the Declaration of Voluntary Surrender at the DVLA Website
What happens after the DVLA is notified?
As long as you provide full information, the DVLA can usually process your medical enquiry within 15 days. If they need further information from you, your doctor or other sources, or if you’re applying for a bus or lorry licence, they will try to complete the process within 90 days.
There are several possible outcomes:
- You may be able to keep your licence or be issued with a new one.
- If the medical advisor thinks your medical fitness needs to be reviewed periodically, you may be issued with a licence valid for 1, 2 or 3 years.
- Your licence may be taken from you (revoked) or your application refused. This will only happen if they find that you do not currently meet required standards of fitness to drive. In this case, you would be given a medical explanation of the decision and advice on when you can re-apply.
The decision that the DVLA makes may be different depending on whether you are having an acute episode or you have a controlled chronic condition. It will also depend on the nature of your condition and the type of licence involved:
Severe uncontrolled anxiety states or depressive illnesses - You should stop driving until you receive the outcome of the medical enquiry. A period of stability which depends on your circumstances will be necessary before you can start driving again.
Acute psychotic disorders of any type - You must stop driving during the acute illness. Re-licensing can be considered when:
- you have remained well and stable for at least 3 months
- when you are adequately compliant with treatment
- when you are free from side effects of medication that would impair your driving
- and when you doctor provides a favourable report.
The same conditions apply for an isolated episode of:
Bipolar disorders including hypomania / mania. You must stop driving during the acute illness however.
People with Chronic schizophrenia and other chronic psychoses also need to satisfy these requirements for re-licensing is to be considered.
Continuing symptoms do not necessarily mean that you can’t have a licence. In order to be allowed to have a license, any ongoing symptoms must be ones which are unlikely to cause significant concentration problems, memory impairment or distraction whilst driving.
All of the above relates to licensing standards for an ordinary car license. However, for information on professional driving (taxi, heavy goods vehicle, public services vehicle, fire engine, ambulance or police vehicle), please see the DVLA Website.
Appealing a decision made by the DVLA
If you disagree with a decision made by the DVLA regarding you licence, you may be able to appeal to your local Magistrates' Court within 6 months (England and Wales) or to your local Sheriff Court within 21 days (Scotland).
If you do decide to appeal, you need to inform the DVLA that you are doing so and you may wish to seek independent legal advice.
If you have further evidence relating to your condition which is relevant to your fitness to drive, you should bring it to the attention of the DVLA straight away. You may find that the issue can be resolved this without the Court's involvement.
National Advice Service Factsheets
